After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Ukraine found itself in possession of a substantial nuclear arsenal. However, due to economic challenges and concerns about geopolitical tensions, Ukraine made the decision to surrender its nuclear weapons. The Budapest Memorandum of 1994 provided assurances of security to Ukraine, but these guarantees were called into question when Russia annexed Crimea and backed separatist movements within Ukraine. The current conflict between Russia and Ukraine underscores the vulnerabilities faced by Ukraine in the absence of a nuclear deterrent. The issue of nuclear disarmament in Ukraine continues to be a topic of debate and concern, particularly in light of ongoing security challenges in the region. The implications of Ukraine’s nuclear history and its current security situation have far-reaching consequences for both the country itself and the broader international community.