After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Ukraine found itself in possession of a considerable nuclear arsenal. However, financial constraints and geopolitical considerations led Ukraine to voluntarily surrender its nuclear weapons. The Budapest Memorandum of 1994 provided security assurances to Ukraine, but these guarantees were called into question when Russia annexed Crimea and backed separatist movements within Ukraine. The current conflict between Russia and Ukraine underscores the security challenges faced by Ukraine in the absence of nuclear deterrence. The implications of Ukraine’s decision to give up its nuclear weapons have come into sharp focus as tensions persist in the region. The vulnerability of Ukrainian security without the protection of nuclear arms has raised concerns among policymakers and analysts. The ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict serves as a stark reminder of the complex geopolitical dynamics at play in Eastern Europe. The repercussions of Ukraine’s denuclearization continue to reverberate, with implications for regional stability and global security. The international community closely monitors developments in the region as the conflict unfolds.