After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Ukraine found itself in possession of a substantial nuclear arsenal. However, due to financial constraints and geopolitical concerns, Ukraine made the decision to give up its nuclear weapons. The Budapest Memorandum of 1994 provided assurances of security to Ukraine, but these guarantees were called into question when Russia annexed Crimea and backed separatist movements in Ukraine. The current conflict between Russia and Ukraine underscores the vulnerabilities faced by Ukraine in the absence of nuclear deterrence. The issue of Ukraine’s nuclear disarmament has come back into the spotlight as the country grapples with ongoing security challenges. The decision to relinquish nuclear weapons continues to have far-reaching implications for Ukraine’s security landscape.