After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Ukraine was left with a considerable nuclear stockpile. However, due to financial constraints and geopolitical concerns, Ukraine made the decision to give up its nuclear weapons. The 1994 Budapest Memorandum assured security assurances to Ukraine, but these were called into question when Russia took control of Crimea and backed separatists in Ukraine. The current conflict between Russia and Ukraine underscores the security challenges faced by Ukraine in the absence of nuclear deterrence. The vulnerabilities of Ukrainian security have been laid bare, leading to concerns about the country’s ability to defend itself. The history of Ukraine’s nuclear disarmament and the subsequent events have raised questions about the effectiveness of security agreements in the region. The situation has also reignited debates about the role of nuclear weapons in international relations and the impact of geopolitical power dynamics on smaller nations like Ukraine. As tensions continue to simmer in the region, the international community is closely monitoring the developments and assessing the implications for global security.